Occupational Safety and Health Ordinance, Chapter 509
The Occupational Safety and Health Ordinance provides for the safety and health protection to employees in workplaces, both industrial and non-industrial. It is basically an enabling ordinance setting out requirements in general terms.
The Coverage
This ordinance covers almost all workplaces - places where employees work. In addition to factories, construction sites and catering establishments, other places, such as offices, laboratories, shopping arcades, educational institutions also come under the ambit of the law. However, there are a few exception, namely
- an aircraft or vessel in a public place;
- the place occupied by the driver of a land transport vehicle when it is in a public place (but other employees working in the vehicle are covered);
- domestic premises at which only domestic servants are employed; and
- places where only self-employed persons work.
The Roles of the Dutyholders
Under this ordinance, everyone has a role to play in creating a safe and healthy workplace.
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Employers should contribute to safety and
health in their workplaces by:
- providing and maintaining plant and work systems that do not endanger safety or health;
- making arrangement for ensuring safety and health in connection with the use, handling, storage or transport of plant or substances;
- providing all necessary information, instruction, training, and supervision for ensuring safety and health;
- providing and maintaining safe access to and egress from the workplaces; and
- providing and maintaining a safe and healthy work environment
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Occupiers of premises should take
responsibility for ensuring that
- the premises;
- the means of access to and egress from the premises; and
- any plant or substance kept at the premises
are safe and without risks to health to any person working on the premises, even if they do not directly employ that person on the premises.
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Employees should also contribute to safety
and health in the workplaces by :
- taking care for the safety and health of persons at the workplace; and
- using any equipment or following any system or work practices provided by their employers.
Enforcement of the Ordinance
The Commissioner for Labour is empowered to issue improvement notices and suspension notices against activity of workplace which may create an imminent hazard to the employees. Failure to comply with the notices constitutes an offence punishable by a fine of HK$400,000 and HK$1,000,000 respectively and imprisonment of up to 12 months.
Occupational Safety and Health Regulation
The Occupational Safety and Health Regulation, made under the above ordinance, sets down some basic requirements for accident prevention, fire precaution, workplace environment control, hygiene at workplaces, first aid, as well as what employers and employees are expected to do in manual handling operations. The main provisions of the Regulation are:
To prevent accidents by:
- ensuring that the plant is properly designed, constructed and maintained and that all dangerous parts are effectively guarded;
- ensuring that all dangerous areas are securely fenced.
- providing illuminated 'EXIT' signs over all exits and clear directions to them;
- keeping all means of escape in a safe condition and free from obstruction;
- making sure that all exit doors can easily be opened from inside the workplace or are unlocked;
- providing suitable and adequate fire safety measures.
- keeping the workplace clean and ensuring that it is adequately lit and ventilated;
- providing adequate drainage.
- providing adequate lavatory and washing facilities, as well as adequate supply of drinking water.
- keeping adequate first aid facilities on the premises and appointing designated employees to look after them.
- assessing and reviewing risks to the safety and health of employees who undertake manual handling operations;
- providing proper training and other necessary protective measures for employees who undertake manual handling operations.